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Dictionary
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- identity
- A number that when an operation is applied to
a given number yields that given number. For multiplication, the identity is one and for
addition the identity is zero.
- indefinitely
- An unspecified amount, having no
exact limits (cf Infinity and Iteration
Discussion).
- independent events
- Two events A and B are independent if the probability that they happen at the same
time is the product of the probabilities that each occurs individually; i.e., if
P(A & B) = P(A)P(B). In other words, learning that one event occurs does not give any
information about whether the other event occurred too: the conditional probability
of A given B is the same as the unconditional probability of A, i.e., P(A/B) = P(A).
- infinity
- Greater than any fixed counting number, or extending forever. No matter how large a number one thinks of, infinity is larger than it. Infinity has no limits
(cf Infinity and Iteration Discussion).
- initiator
- A line-segment or figure that begins as the beginning geometric shape for a fractal. The initiator is then replaced by the generator for the fractal.
- input
- The number or value that is entered, for example, into a function machine. The
number that goes into the machine is the input (cf Functions as Processes or Rules Discussion).
- integer
- Any positive or negative number that does not include a fraction or decimal, including zero.
- intersection of sets
- The intersection of two or more sets is the set of elements that all the sets have
in common; in other words, all the elements contained in every one of the sets. The
mathematical symbol for intersection is
(cf Internet Search and Set Operations Discussion).
- intercept
- See x-intercept or y-intercept
(cfLinear Functions
Discussion).
- inverse, additive
- A number when added
to a given number yields zero. Also see identity.
- inverse, multiplicative
- A number when
multiplied by a given number yields one. Also see identity.
- irregular fractals
- Complex fractals whose dimension is often difficult to
determine and in some cases is unknown (cf Dimension for Irregular Fractals
Discussion).
- isosceles triangle
- A
triangle that has at least two congruent sides (cfTrapezoid Discussion).
- item
- The things or objects that are the subject of a bar graph (cf Class Interval: Scale and Impression Discussion).
- iteration
- Repeating a set of rules
or steps over and over. One step is called an iterate.
(cf Infinity and Iteration Discussion).
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